of , hereby, thereof 等虛詞。這也是合同英語的一大特色。
其它例子還有:
“賠償”用“indemnities”,而不用“compensation”
“不動產轉讓”用“conveyance”,而不用“trnasfer of real estate”
“房屋出租”用“tenancy”,而“財產出租”用“lease of property”
“停業”用“wind up a business”或“cease (名詞是cessation) a business”,而不用“end\/stop a business”
專利許可中的“特許權使用費”隻用“royalities”
還款或專利申請的“寬限期”英文“grace”,
“當事人在破產中的和解”用“composition”
以實物出資為“investment in kind”
“依照合同相關規定”一般說“pursuant to provisions contained herein”或“as provided herein”等,不說“according to relevant terms and conditions in the contract”
“合同任何一方當事人不得轉讓本合同”英文表述為“Neither party hereto may assign this contract”,其中“hereto”表示“to the contract”,選用“Neither party to the contract”較少。
3、同義詞、近義詞、相關詞的序列
FOR value RECEIVED,the undersigned does hereby sell, transfer, assign and set over to ______ all his right, tile and interest in and to a certain contract dated ______, 19____ by and between the undersigned and ______,a copy of which is annexed hereto.
在這裡的同義詞和近義詞並列(如sell, transfer, assign and set over,right和 tile and interest),在英文合同裡十分普遍。這是出於嚴謹和杜絕漏洞的考慮,有的也屬於合同用語的固定模式。如:
This agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B.句中“made and entered into”和“by and between”兩組分別屬於同義詞和相關詞並列。
For and in consideration of mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows: 句中“for and in consideration of ”, “covenants and agreements”三組同義司和近義詞並列。
The parties have agreed to vary the Management on the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein. 這裡的“on the terms”和“subject to the conditions”是一個意思都表示“依照本協議的條款規定”。合同條款的固定模式是“terms and conditions”
再例如:
“Party A wishes to be released and discharged from agreement as from the feective date”,一句中的“realease”和“discharge”意思幾乎相同。
並列的詞還有:
ships and vessels
support and maintenance
licenses and permits
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sesnepxe dna stsoc ,seef ,segrahc
lla dna yna
seitilibail ro snoitagilbo ,seitud yna
sngissa dna srosseccus ,srieh rieht ,srentrap eht
pihsrentrap eht fo tnemeganam dna lortnoc
selur dna ,sevitcerid ,seerced ,snoitaluger ,swal elbacilppa
詞丁拉、4
:見常很是然仍詞丁拉,中同合外國在
多etar xat lanoitroporp比要etar xat etar orp用:率稅例比
ecnatsissa lagel elbatirahc ni degagne reywal用麼怎不,reywal onob orp:師律的務服性善慈事從
metil da tnega用多:人理代托委
.ereujam ecrof:力抗可不