e作為“有”的意思時,是狀態動詞,沒有相應的被動態。但是在下列情況中,have有被動語態。
a、作為“被買到(得到)”、“被找到”意思時:
We tried to get a copy of her book,but there was none to be had(to be bought).我們想弄到一本她的書,但就是買不到。
That is about the only work to be had(=to be found) at this time of the year.那大概就是今年此時唯一能找到的工作了。
b、作為“欺(哄)騙”意思時,口語中常用被動態:
I'm afraid you've been had.恐怕你上當了。
He's not the first person that's been had in that way.他並非第一個這樣上當受騙的人。
c、作“被賄賂”意思時: The man was had (=was bribed) into giving them the documents.這人被賄賂,給他們提供了文件。
d、與某些介詞或副詞構成短語動詞時,相當於一個及物動詞:
I've been had on (=have been fooled) too often to take his stories seriously.我時常上他的當,不再把他的話當真了。
The young man was had up (=was taken to court)for dangerous driving.這年青人因危險駕車被法庭傳訊。
5、有些原來不及物的動詞,如果作使役動詞來用,那麼有被動語態,較常見的有fly,run,stand,walk等。例如:
Many cars have been flown to Europe.許多汽車已被空運到歐洲去了。
This bottle must not be stood close to the fire.這隻瓶不得放在近火處。
Horses should be walked for some time after a race.賽馬後,得溜一會兒馬。
三、被動語態結構與SVC(動詞-ed形式作表語)結構的區別
被動語態表示動作,句子主語為動作的對象,SVC結構表示主語的特點或所處的狀態,其中的過去分詞相當於形容詞,be隻有一般時態和完成時態。被動結構的時態一般要與相應的主動結構一致。下麵把這兩種結構作一比較:
1、The library is usually closed at 6.圖書館通常六點關門。(被動語態)
請記住我們的域名𝐨𝐨𝐩.𝐭𝐰
The library is now closed.圖書館關門了。(SVC結構)
)態語動被(。的成建年8691是橋.8691 ni detelpmoc saw egdirb ehT、2
)構結CVS(。好修已橋.detelpmoc si egdirb ehT
)態語動被(。的破打妹妹我是杯璃玻.retsis ym yb nekorb saw ssalg ehT、3
)構結CVS(。了破杯璃玻.nekorb si ssalg ehT
:句例的構結CVS個幾舉再們我,解理的們生考於便了為
。了彈子上裝槍.dedaol si nug ehT
。好很得寫文作的你.nettirw llew si noitisopmoc ruoY
。著鎖門.dekcol si rood ehT
。傷了受部腿他.gel eht ni derujni saw eH
。象現法語一這用運和解理地好更能才樣這,義意含內的子句及以文下上意注多要還,析分法語於賴依僅僅能不,時習學在們我,多很題問的意注得值態語動被語英,述所上綜